With the winter storm coming to an end, roads are being salted and travelers are beginning to brave the ice. Although the roads appear safe, there are still dangers that warrant extreme caution, the biggest concern being black ice.
What is it?
According to the US Forest Service, black ice is “a glaze that forms on surfaces because of a light freezing rain or because of melting and re-freezing of snow, water, or ice on surfaces.” The name “black ice” comes from its tendency to blend in with the pavement due to its transparent appearance. In reality, this is what makes the clear ice even more dangerous as it is difficult to spot.
When and Where to Expect Black Ice
Black ice mostly forms at night or in the early morning on the parts of the road that get the least amount of sunshine. This would include:
- Tree-lined roads
- Tunnels
- Backroads
Black ice also forms frequently on bridges and overpasses due to the cold air whirring around the top and bottom of the structures, bringing faster freezing.
How to Spot Black Ice
In the right light, black ice can be spotted. Formed in smooth, glossy sheets, black ice can give a shiny appearance. “If the majority of the road you’re driving on appears a dull black color, but the patch just ahead of you appears shiny, you may be about to drive onto black ice,” says the US Forest Service.
Additionally, the US Forest Service says that if you see cars suddenly swerve for no reason, black ice is likely the cause.
How to Drive on Black Ice
The US Forest Service gives these tips on what to do if you encounter black ice on the road:
- If you can, practice driving on slippery surfaces before hitting the road. Know how your car feels and handles the situation.
- If you hit black ice, remain calm and allow the car to pass over the ice.
- Do not hit the brakes. Instead, slow down by de-accelerating, or gently lifting your foot off of the accelerator.
- If you can, shift to low gear to gain more control.
- Head for areas of traction, such as textured ice, snow-covered areas, and spots with sand.
They also advise on what to do if you skid or lose control:
- If you have an anti-lock braking system (ABS), just put your foot on the brake, apply firm pressure and the car will pump the brakes for you as you skid.
- If you don’t have ABS, pump the brakes gently as you skid.
- Always steer the car in the direction you want the car to go.
Preventing Encounters
To avoid these encounters altogether, there are a few prevention practices that help significantly:
- Travel slowly
- Avoid sudden movements
- Do not tailgate
- Keep your windshield clear of ice, snow, and dirt
- Turn your headlights on early in the afternoon to help spot the sheen of black ice
- Check your tire tread
- Stay home